Topic 3.1 - Conceptual modeling

• Conceptual modeling is the way that designers explore ideas, getting ideas out of the head and into a form that other people can understand.
• They are descriptions or representations of an idea or system that exists in the mind. They communicate what a proposed design might look like or how it might function.
• Conceptual models are also used to explore possibilities and options. In this way they are also a type of research. Through doing this research, designers can confirm how well a design concept meets specifications, gather user feedback, and improve the overall chances of success for the product.

Types of conceptual modeling

Conceptual models can come in different forms, each with different purposes, materials, and communication goals.  A designer will choose different types of conceptual models depending on the design context and type of communication desired.

• Graphical models
  • A visualization of an idea, often created on paper or through software.
  • Forms: 2D drawings, diagrams, flow charts, and sketches
• Physical models
  • The creation of a smaller or larger tangible version of an object that can be physically interacted with.
  • Forms: clay, cardboard, balsa wood, rapid prototype (e.g. 3D printing), foam, or other physical materials
• Virtual Models
  • Photorealistic, three-dimensional, computer-based, interactive models.
  • Form: CAD (Computer-Assisted Design), simulation and other software

Advantages and disadvantages of conceptual modeling

Advantages

• Puts abstract ideas into a visual and understandable form that might not be imaginable otherwise.
• Designers can explore ideas and possibilities without the limitation of producing a working prototype (quicker and cheaper)
• Communicates the function of the design
• Communicates the aesthetics of the design
• Allows the client to provide input during the idea development phase.
• Promote communication between designer, design team members, manufacturer or clients, in order to get feedback.
• Reduces development costs by reducing errors in the production. For example, it can help confirm that parts will fit together and components will move
• Can be used to test materials, production methods, or to gauge people's reactions to the product.
• To help explain features in data sets.